The antique map titled ‘Insvlae Balaerides et Pytiusae’, created in 1665, depicts the Balearic and Pityusic Islands located in the western Mediterranean Sea. These islands were strategically important to the Spanish Empire, serving as military bases and trading posts. At the time this map was created, Spain was a major global power, but was facing economic and political challenges. The country was ruled by the Habsburg dynasty, which was facing internal conflict and external threats from other European powers. Spain was also heavily involved in the transatlantic slave trade, which brought great wealth to the country but also led to significant social and political problems. Despite these challenges, Spain remained a major player in European politics and continued to exert significant influence in the Mediterranean region.